G. V. Caprara, P. Renzi, P. Amolini, G. D'Imperio, and G. Travaglia. The eliciting cue value of aggressive slides reconsidered in a personological perspective: The weapons effect and irritability. European Journal of Social Psychology, 14(3):313–322, July 1984. doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420140306.
@article{caprara_eliciting_1984,
abstract = {A study was conducted, according to a 2 \texttimes{} 2 \texttimes{} 2 \texttimes{} 3 design and using the Buss aggression machine paradigm, to investigate the aggression-eliciting properties of slides of firearms. One hundred and twenty highly irritable and 120 low irritable subjects, equally divided between males and females, were given the opportunity to deliver electric shocks to an experimental confederate after having been randomly assigned to one of the six different conditions resulting from presence versus absence of previous instigation to aggress and from exposure to aggressive slides versus exposure to non-aggressive slides versus non-exposure to slides. It was found that aggressive cues, were sufficient per se to increase subsequent aggressive behaviours in observers, whether or not previously instigated to aggress. While sex differences did not seem to play any relevant role, the importance of irritability was stressed, especially where exposure to aggressive slides followed a previous instigation to aggress.},
author = {Caprara, G. V. and Renzi, P. and Amolini, P. and D'Imperio, G. and Travaglia, G.},
doi = {10.1002/ejsp.2420140306},
issn = {1099-0992},
journal = {European Journal of Social Psychology},
language = {en},
month = {July},
number = {3},
pages = {313-322},
shorttitle = {The Eliciting Cue Value of Aggressive Slides Reconsidered in a Personological Perspective},
title = {The Eliciting Cue Value of Aggressive Slides Reconsidered in a Personological Perspective: {{The}} Weapons Effect and Irritability},
volume = {14},
year = {1984}
}